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EFFECTS OF KOLAVIRON ON LYMPHOCYTES PROLIFERATION, EXPRESSION OF TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR-2 AND VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR-C GENES IN Wuchereria bancrofti INFECTED BLOOD

EFFECTS OF KOLAVIRON ON LYMPHOCYTES PROLIFERATION, EXPRESSION OF TOLL LIKE RECEPTOR-2 AND VASCULAR ENDOTHELIAL GROWTH FACTOR-C GENES IN Wuchereria bancrofti INFECTED BLOOD

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  • Major Attributes are Abstract, All Chapters, Figures, Appendix, References.
  • Study Level: BTech, BSc, BEng, BA, HND, ND or NCE.
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ABSTRACT

The anti-proliferative effect and down regulation of vascular endothelial growth factor

C and toll like receptor-2 by kolaviron rich portion of Garcinia kola on Wuchereria

bancrofti infected blood were investigated. Blood samples were collected from

consenting volunteers in Talata mafara, Zamfara State, Nigeria, between the hours of

10pm to 12am, stained with Giemsa and viewed microscopically for presence of

microfilariae. Wuchereria bancrofti positive blood samples were cultured in vitro for

72 hours using untreated group as negative control, doxycycline (2µg/ml) treated

samples as the positive control while the kolaviron (5µg/ml) treated group was the

tested group. Mitotic index, expression of vascular endothelial growth factor-C

(VEGF-C), toll like receptor- 2 (TLR-2) were determined using standard procedures,

in peripheral blood lymphocytes. Mitotic index was significantly (P<0.05) reduced in

the kolaviron treated group compared to negative control. Kolaviron also significantly

(P<0.05) downregulated the expression of VEGF-C and TLR-2 when compared with

the untreated group. In both cases, the effects of kolaviron was not significantly

different (P<0.05) compared to that of doxycycline treated group. Furthermore, strong

positive correlations (r) between mitotic index, VEGF-C and TLR-2 expressions were

observed. The study concludes that kolaviron rich portion of Garcinia kola exhibited

anti-proliferative effect and down regulation of VEGF-C and TLR-2 in Wuchereria

bancrofti infected blood. Thus, the results from this study might have unravelled the

potential of kolaviron in the management of complications associated with lymphatic

filariasis.

CHAPTER ONE

1.0 INTRODUCTION

Lymphatic filariasis, caused by parasitic Wuchereria bancrofti, is a mosquito borne disease

characterized by a broad spectrum of clinical manifestation such as temporal/permanent

disability and disfiguring leading to severe damage and painful swellings (lymphedema) of

the legs and genitals in the late stage of the disease (Hoerauf et al., 2011; WHO, 2012;

Gomase et al., 2013) and eventually stigmatization (WHO, 2013). Although the events

leading to the development of chronic pathology in lymphatic filariasis are not fully

understood, live filarial parasite and/or their products have a direct effect on lymphatic

endothelial cells and in the cells of the innate and adaptive immune system (Nutman, 2013).

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  • Included: Format: Ms Word
  • Included: Chapters: 1-5
  • Included: Pages: 72
  • Included: Attributes: Abstract, All Chapters, Figures, Appendix, References
  • Study Level: Study Level: BTech, BSc, BEng, BA, HND, ND or NCE

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